Posisi Minoritas dalam Pendidikan Islam Multikultural: Representasi, Rekognisi, dan Keadilan Pendidikan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59944/jipsi.v5i1.903Keywords:
rekognisi minoritas; pendidikan Islam multikultural; sosiologi pendidikan Islam; keadilan sosial; pluralitas sosial-budaya.Abstract
Pluralitas sosial-budaya menempatkan pendidikan Islam dalam ruang sosial yang kompleks, terutama ketika peserta didik hadir dengan perbedaan etnis, bahasa, kelas sosial, pengalaman komunitas, dan posisi keagamaan. Kajian ini bertujuan menganalisis rekognisi minoritas dalam pendidikan Islam multikultural melalui perspektif sosiologi pendidikan Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kepustakaan dengan pendekatan kualitatif-kritis. Literatur yang dianalisis mencakup artikel jurnal internasional, buku akademik, dan hasil penelitian yang relevan dengan pendidikan Islam, pendidikan multikultural, minoritas, rekognisi, relasi kuasa, dan keadilan sosial. Data dianalisis melalui pembacaan kritis, pengelompokan tema sesuai rumusan masalah, perbandingan argumen antar-literatur, dan sintesis sosiologis. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pluralitas sosial-budaya dapat menempatkan minoritas dalam dua posisi, yaitu sebagai kelompok yang dimarginalkan oleh struktur pendidikan atau sebagai subjek yang direkognisi melalui pendidikan Islam yang adil dan responsif. Kurikulum, pedagogi guru, budaya kelembagaan, dan asesmen dapat menjadi ruang rekognisi apabila memberi tempat bagi identitas, pengalaman, suara, dan partisipasi peserta didik minoritas. Sebaliknya, keempat aspek tersebut dapat mereproduksi marginalisasi apabila hanya merepresentasikan pengalaman kelompok dominan. Kontribusi kajian ini terletak pada penempatan rekognisi minoritas sebagai isu utama dalam sosiologi pendidikan Islam, sehingga pendidikan Islam multikultural tidak hanya dipahami sebagai pendidikan toleransi, tetapi juga sebagai agenda keadilan sosial. Kajian ini menegaskan bahwa pendidikan Islam multikultural perlu bergerak dari toleransi normatif menuju rekognisi substantif yang mengakui martabat, pengalaman, dan partisipasi kelompok minoritas.
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